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Rajendran, D.
- Metabolic and Immunological Changes in Transition Dairy Cows:A Review
Abstract Views :130 |
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Authors
Pratik Ramesh Wankhade
1,
A. Manimaran
1,
A. Kumaresan
1,
S. Jeyakumar
1,
K. P. Ramesha
2,
V. Sejian
3,
D. Rajendran
4,
Minu Rachel Varghese
5
Affiliations
1 Livestock Research Centre, Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
2 Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
3 Division of Animal Physiology, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
4 Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
5 Dairy Production Section, Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
1 Livestock Research Centre, Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
2 Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
3 Division of Animal Physiology, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
4 Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
5 Dairy Production Section, Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
Source
Veterinary World, Vol 10, No 11 (2017), Pagination: 1367-1377Abstract
Smooth transition from pregnancy to lactation is important for high productive and reproductive performance during later postpartum period in dairy animals. On the other hand, the poor transition often leads to huge economic loss to dairy farmers due to compromised production and reproduction. Therefore, understanding the causes and consequence of metabolic changes during the transition period is very important for postpartum health management. In this review, metabolic changes with reference to negative energy balance in transition cow and its effect on health and reproduction during the later postpartum period in dairy animals are discussed besides the role of metabolic inflammation in postpartum performance in dairy animals.Keywords
Acute Phase Proteins, Dairy Cows, Inflammatory Cytokines, Negative Energy Balance, Transition Period.Full Text
- Influence of Clinical Mastitis and its Treatment Outcome on Reproductive Performance in Crossbred Cows:A Retrospective Study
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Materials and Methods: Datasets of 835 lactating cows affected with CM during a period of 12 years (2001-2012) were considered for this study. Mastitis treatment related data and reproductive parameters such as days to first detected heat (DTFDH), days to first insemination (DTFI), days open (DO), and number of services per conception (SC) were collected from mastitis treatment and artificial insemination registers, respectively. Data were analyzed by ANOVA using SPSS 20 software. The means were compared with the Duncan’s multiple comparison post-hoc test.
Results: CM affected cows had significantly (p<0.05) higher DTFDH, DTFI, DO and SC compared to clinically healthy cows. Cows diagnosed with a single episode of CM had significantly (p<0.05) delayed DTFDH while, DO and SC were significantly higher (p<0.05) in cows diagnosed by multiple episodes of CM. SC was significantly (p<0.05) higher in cows diagnosed with both relapse and recurrence. Severe CM affected cows had significantly (p<0.05) altered reproductive parameters. The reproductive parameters were altered to high extent when CM occurred during the breeding period.
Conclusion: CM-affected cows had higher DTFDH, DTFI, DO and SC compared to clinically healthy cows. The negative effects of CM on reproduction parameters were higher when CM occurred during the breeding period.
Authors
Narender Kumar
1,
A. Manimaran
1,
M. Sivaram
2,
A. Kumaresan
3,
S. Jeyakumar
1,
L. Sreela
4,
P. Mooventhan
5,
D. Rajendran
6
Affiliations
1 Livestock Research Centre, Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
2 Dairy Economics and Statistics Section, Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
3 Theriogenology Laboratory, Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology & Obstetrics, Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
4 Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal-132001, Haryana, IN
5 ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Baronda, Raipur-493225, Chhattisgarh, IN
6 Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
1 Livestock Research Centre, Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
2 Dairy Economics and Statistics Section, Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
3 Theriogenology Laboratory, Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology & Obstetrics, Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
4 Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal-132001, Haryana, IN
5 ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Baronda, Raipur-493225, Chhattisgarh, IN
6 Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
Source
Veterinary World, Vol 10, No 5 (2017), Pagination: 485-492Abstract
Aim: Evaluation of the effect of clinical mastitis (CM) and its treatment outcome on the reproductive performance in crossbred cows retrospectively.Materials and Methods: Datasets of 835 lactating cows affected with CM during a period of 12 years (2001-2012) were considered for this study. Mastitis treatment related data and reproductive parameters such as days to first detected heat (DTFDH), days to first insemination (DTFI), days open (DO), and number of services per conception (SC) were collected from mastitis treatment and artificial insemination registers, respectively. Data were analyzed by ANOVA using SPSS 20 software. The means were compared with the Duncan’s multiple comparison post-hoc test.
Results: CM affected cows had significantly (p<0.05) higher DTFDH, DTFI, DO and SC compared to clinically healthy cows. Cows diagnosed with a single episode of CM had significantly (p<0.05) delayed DTFDH while, DO and SC were significantly higher (p<0.05) in cows diagnosed by multiple episodes of CM. SC was significantly (p<0.05) higher in cows diagnosed with both relapse and recurrence. Severe CM affected cows had significantly (p<0.05) altered reproductive parameters. The reproductive parameters were altered to high extent when CM occurred during the breeding period.
Conclusion: CM-affected cows had higher DTFDH, DTFI, DO and SC compared to clinically healthy cows. The negative effects of CM on reproduction parameters were higher when CM occurred during the breeding period.
Keywords
Clinical Mastitis, Crossbred Cows, Reproductive Parameters, Retrospective Study.Full Text
- Fat Supplementation: Implication in Dairy Cattle
Abstract Views :80 |
PDF Views:52
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science and A.H., Anjora, Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya (DSVCKV), Durg 491 001, IN
2 ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru 560 030, IN
3 Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science and A.H., Anjora, DSVCKV, Durg 491 001, IN
1 Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science and A.H., Anjora, Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya (DSVCKV), Durg 491 001, IN
2 ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru 560 030, IN
3 Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science and A.H., Anjora, DSVCKV, Durg 491 001, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 124, No 12 (2023), Pagination: 1393-1400Abstract
Supplementation of fat or oil in the ration of high yielding dairy cattle increases the energy density of the ration without altering the composition of the other ingredients. A high proportion of free fatty acids in vegetable fat possibly improves fat digestibility in the total gastrointestinal tract and has been associated with variable effects on milk yield and milk fat composition. Vegetable fats are rich sources of essential fatty acids, viz. linoleic and linolenic acid, and varying amounts of monounsaturated oleic acid. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in dietary fat are important substrates for the synthesis of reproductive hormones and prostaglandins and to augment the reproductive performance through stimulation of the growth of ovarian follicles, increase in follicle size and number, and increased function of corpus luteum (CL) in cattle. PUFA undergoes biohydrogenation in the rumen to produce conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). The milk CLA is identified to reduce body fat levels, improve glycaemic profile, resynthesize glycogen, modulate immune function, improve bone mineralization, prevent heart diseases, atherosclerosis, diabetes and cancer in humans. Significantly higher levels of fat/oil (>3%, generally) in the diet may adversely affect the fermentation pattern through adverse effects on fibrolytic bacteria and protozoa in the rumen, subsequently lowering the fibre and dry matter digestibility. To minimize the effect of higher levels of fat on rumen fermentation, fat may be supplied in a protected form that escapes rumen fermentation and is subsequently utilized in the lower digestive tract of high-yielding dairy cattle to produce beneficial effects.Keywords
Dairy Cattle, Essential Fatty Acids, Fat Supplementation, Milk Production, Reproduction.Full Text
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